Chicago Manual of Style, 17th Edition: Author-Date Style: Articles
General Guidelines
For General Rules of Thumb for creating References, please refer to the General Guidelines tab of this page. Please note: Hanging indents were not able to be displayed on this page, but is a mandatory format for all references.
Author-Date Reference Examples and Variations for Articles
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Standard Format:
Allen, Aarin Conrad, and Edward O.Keith. 2015. "Using the West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus) as a Mechanism for Invasive Aquatic Plant Management in Florida." Journal of Aquatic Plant Management 53: 95-104.
Online Format with DOI:
** DOI is preferred to URL. Always use DOI if given instead of URL.
Campbell, Alexandra M., Jay Fleisher, Christopher Sinigalliano, James R. White, and Jose V. Lopez. 2015. "Dynamics of Marine Bacterial Community Diversity of the Coastal Waters of the Reefs, Inlets, and Wastewater Outfalls of Southeast Florida." Microbiology Open 4(2): 1-19. doi: 10.1002/mbo3.245.
Online Format without DOI:
Spieler, Richard E. 1971. "A Carp-Goldfish Hybrid with No Caudal Fin." Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 74 (3/4): 342-343. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_facarticles/215/
CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER FOR REPEATED NAMES IN A REFERENCE LIST
For successive names in a Reference List, a 3-em dash replaces the name(s) after the first appearance. The entries are arranged by year of publication in ascending order instead of alphabetized by title.
Riegl, Bernhard, and Samuel J. Purkis. 2009. "Markov Models for Linking Environments and Facies in Space and Time (Recent Arabian Gulf, Miocene Paratethys)." Perspectives in Carbonate Geology: A Tribute to the Career of Robert Nathan Ginsburg IAS Special Publication 41: 1-42.
------. 2011. "Methods to Preserve Coral Reef Futures" Science 22:418-422.
NOTE: the 3-em dash cannot stand in for two or more authors that are the same but in a different order. See correct way below:
Purkis, Samuel J., and Bernhard Riegl. 2005. "Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Arabian Gulf Coral Assemblages Quantified from Remote-Sensing and in situ Monitoring Data." Marine Ecology Progress Series 287: 99-113. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_facarticles/230/
Riegl, Bernhard, and Samuel J. Purkis. 2009. "Model of Coral Population Response to Accelerated Bleaching and Mass Mortality in a Changing Climate." Ecological Modelling 220(2): 192-208. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_facarticles/243/
NOTE: the 3-em dash only refers to the author him/herself, not an added editor, translator, compiler, etc. Chronological order is maintained, regardless of the added abbreviation.
Riegl, Bernhard, and Samuel J. Purkis. 2009. "Markov Models for Linking Environments and Facies in Space and Time (Recent Arabian Gulf, Miocene Paratethys)." Perspectives in Carbonate Geology: A Tribute to the Career of Robert Nathan Ginsburg IAS Special Publication 41: 1-42.
------. 2011. "Methods to Preserve Coral Reef Futures" Science 22:418-422.
------, ed. 2012. Coral Reefs of the Gulf: Adaptation to Climatic Extremes. Dordrecht: Springer.
NEWSPAPER / MAGAZINE ARTICLE
Franceschina, Peter. 2011. "Fish Fraud Means What's On Your Plate May Be an Imposter." Sun Sentinel, July 11. http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2011-06-16/news/fl-fake-fish-supplies-20110528_1_mislabeled-fish-fish-fraud-seafood-fraud.