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APA 7th Edition

Elements of an APA Citation


Reference List:

  • Alphabetize reference list by author(s) last name or name of the group author. See APA Publication Manual, sec.9.8 (p. 286).
  • Every item in reference list must have a corresponding in text citation, and vice versa!
    • Exceptions:
    • Secondary sources
    • Personal communications
    • Whole websites mentioned by URL in the body of the paper

See APA Publication Manual, sec. 8.10-8.22 (pp. 261-269).

Missing Information: see Table 9.1 (p. 284), or see APA Style, https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/missing-information