Primer-EPrimer-E 7: Robust, widely applicable, statistical analysis of multivariate data, e.g. species assemblages, physico-chemical variables, genetic, microbial, biomarker, diet, RS, modelling etc data. A ‘standard’ for marine community & biodiversity research, increasingly used in terrestrial, freshwater & palaeo studies. Also widely used commercially for assessing environmental impacts of oilfields, discharges, mining, trawling, aquaculture. The methods make few, if any, assumptions about the form of the data ('non-metric' ordination and permutation tests are fundamental to the approach) and concentrate on approaches that are straightforward to understand and explain.