Peirce, Charles Sandersarguably the most important of all American philosophers. He had and continues to have a profound influence on the Philosophy of Science. The Peirce Edition Project, Arisbe, the Peirce Organization, and NOAA sites all have different thrusts concerning his life and influence on American science.
http://www.iupui.edu/~peirce/ (Peirce Edition Project from the University of Indiana)
http://www.cspeirce.com/ (Arisbe - home of the International Peirce Telecommunity)
http://www.history.noaa.gov/giants/peirce.html (biographical sketch of Peirce from the NOAA Corps Bulletin)